这项研究的目的是确定和比较男女国家级短跑运动员的大腿肌肉体积（MVs），短跑机械性能和性能。我们还研究了大腿MV与短跑性能之间的可能关系。九名男性和八名女性国家级短跑运动员参加了这项研究。获得大腿的T1加权磁共振图像，以确定股四头肌、,绳肌和内收肌的MV。冲刺性能被测量为覆盖40和80 m的时间。用雷达测量瞬时冲刺速度，以获得理论最大力（F0），理论最大速度（V0）和最大功率（Pmax）。当按身高体重归一化MV时，男性的绳肌（13.5％，ES = 1.26，P <0.05）比女性大，股四头肌和内收肌无统计学差异。男性在40 m（14％，ES = 6.68，P <0.001）和80 m（15％，ES = 5.01，P <0.001）中比女性快得多。0（19％，ES = 1.98，P <0.01），更大的P max（46％，ES = 3.76，P <0.001）和非常大的V 0（23％，ES = 6.97，P <0.001）。利用合并的数据，绳肌和内收肌MVs与短跑表现分别具有强烈的相关性（r = -0.685，P <0.01）和中等程度的相关性（r = -0.530，P <0.05）。股四头肌无关联。性别分层分析显示，与汇总数据相比，关联性较弱，这很可能是由于样本量较小。总之，男性比女性快，并且表现出更大的MV，尤其是在绳肌中。此外，就大腿肌肉而言，腿筋MV似乎与先前提出的短跑性能最相关。
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Sex differences in thigh muscle volumes, sprint performance and mechanical properties in national-level sprinters
The purpose of this study was to determine and compare thigh muscle volumes (MVs), and sprint mechanical properties and performance between male and female national-level sprinters. We also studied possible relationships between thigh MVs and sprint performance. Nine male and eight female national-level sprinters participated in the study. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the thighs were obtained to determine MVs of quadriceps, hamstrings and adductors. Sprint performance was measured as the time to cover 40 and 80 m. Instantaneous sprint velocity was measured by radar to obtain theoretical maximum force (F0), theoretical maximum velocity (V0) and maximum power (Pmax). When MVs were normalized by height–mass, males showed larger hamstrings (13.5%, ES = 1.26, P < 0.05) compared with females, while quadriceps and adductors showed no statistically significant differences. Males were extremely faster than females in 40 m (14%, ES = 6.68, P < 0.001) and in 80 m (15%, ES = 5.01, P < 0.001. Males also showed increased sprint mechanical properties, with larger F0 (19%, ES = 1.98, P < 0.01), much larger Pmax (46%, ES = 3.76, P < 0.001), and extremely larger V0 (23%, ES = 6.97, P < 0.001). With the pooled data, hamstring and adductor MVs correlated strongly (r = -0.685, P < 0.01) and moderately (r = -0.530, P < 0.05), respectively, with sprint performance; while quadriceps showed no association. The sex-stratified analysis showed weaker associations compared with pooled data, most likely due to small sample size. In conclusion, males were faster than females and showed larger MVs, especially in hamstrings. Moreover, regarding the thigh muscles, hamstrings MV seems the most related with sprint performance as previously proposed.